Mergers & Acquisitions Law & Lawyers
Broadly speaking, Mergers and Acquisitions is that area of law that deals with the aquiring of smaller companies by larger companies or the joining of two or more companies into one.
The phrase mergers and acquisitions refers to the aspect of corporate strategy, corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling and combining of different companies that can aid, finance, or help a growing company in a given industry grow rapidly without having to create another business entity.
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and corporate restructuring are a big part of the corporate finance world. Every day, investment bankers arrange M&A transactions, which bring separate companies together to form larger ones. When they're not creating big companies from smaller ones, corporate finance deals do the reverse and break up companies.
Should you require legal help or legal representation regarding any aspect of mergers and acquisitions law, then please complete your free legal enquiry form to be put in contact with a mergers and acquisitions lawyer.
Why do Mergers and Acquisitions take place?
The key principle behind buying a company is to create shareholder value over and above that of the sum of the two companies. Two companies together are more valuable than two separate companies, at least in theory.
This rationale is particularly alluring to companies when times are tough. Strong companies will act to buy other companies to create a more competitive, cost-efficient company. The companies will come together hoping to gain a greater market share or to achieve greater efficiency. Because of these potential benefits, target companies will often agree to be purchased when they know they cannot survive alone.
Should you require legal help or legal representation regarding any aspect of mergers and acquisitions law, then please complete your free legal enquiry form to be put in contact with a mergers and acquisitions lawyer.
Mergers & Acquisitions Lawyers
A mergers and acquisitions lawyer can provide help and guidance about issues such as preparing for the sale or purchase of a business, handling negotiations and managing documentation.
As well as various other commercial business transactions, many mergers and acquisitions lawyers can advise on foreign transactions too. Mergers and acquisitions lawyers can also assist with matters such as legal due diligence investigations, managing risk and post-acquisition integration.
A mergers and acquisition lawyer can provide efficient and cost-effective mergers and acquisitions advice for all aspects of acquiring a business or the merger of two or more businesses.
Should you require legal help or legal representation regarding any aspect of mergers and acquisitions law, then please complete your free legal enquiry form to be put in contact with a mergers and acquisitions lawyer.
A mergers and acquisition lawyer will work alongside your bank, financiers, accountants and other stakeholders to ensure the transaction proceeds as smoothly as possible. A mergers and acquisition lawyer generally has extensive experience of the legal complexities of share transfers, the procurement of share sale and purchase agreements and can assist with many other aspects such as legal due diligence, vendor warranties and covenants.
In many situations where a business is being acquired, the advice of competent employment lawyer and commercial property lawyers is required to deal with staff transfers or other contractual employment issues and property-related matters.
A mergers and acquisition lawyer normally possesses experience and knowledge of the full range of transactions, from the acquisition of small sole-trader businesses to larger more complex transactions.
A mergers and acquisition lawyer can help you negotiate legal and tax issues to the best possible effect, both pre- and post- transaction.
A mergers and acquisition lawyer areas of expertise include:
- Legal Advice on acquiring or merging a business or businesses
- Preparation of Sale & Purchase Agreements
- Legal due diligence
- Legal advice on employment issues consequential to a merger or acquisition
- Legal advice on property-related matters such as lease transfers and or extensions
Should you require legal help or legal representation regarding any aspect of mergers and acquisitions law, then please complete your free legal enquiry form to be put in contact with a mergers and acquisitions lawyer.
Links to Further Resources - Mergers & Acquisitions Law & Lawyers
New & Further information - Mergers & Acquisitions Law & Lawyers
Distinction between Mergers and Acquisitions
The terms merger and acquisition mean slightly different things. When one company takes over another and clearly established itself as the new owner, the purchase is called an acquisition. From a legal point of view, the target company ceases to exist, the buyer "swallows" the business and the buyer's stock continues to be traded.
In the pure sense of the term, a merger happens when two firms, often of about the same size, agree to go forward as a single new company rather than remain separately owned and operated. This kind of action is more precisely referred to as a "merger of equals." Both companies' stocks are surrendered and new company stock is issued in its place.
In practice actual mergers of equals don't happen very often. Usually, one company will buy another and, as part of the deal's terms, simply allow the acquired firm to proclaim that the action is a merger of equals, even if it's technically an acquisition. Being bought out often carries negative connotations, therefore, by describing the deal as a merger, deal makers and top managers try to make the takeover more palatable.
A purchase deal will also be called a merger when both CEOs agree that joining together is in the best interest of both of their companies. But when the deal is unfriendly (i.e. when the target company does not want to be purchased) it is always regarded as an acquisition.
Whether a purchase is considered a merger or an acquisition really depends on whether the purchase is friendly or hostile and how it is announced. In other words, the real difference lies in how the purchase is communicated to and received by the target company's board of directors, employees and shareholders.
Should you require legal help or legal representation regarding any aspect of mergers and acquisitions law, then please complete your free legal enquiry form to be put in contact with a mergers and acquisitions lawyer.
Synergy
Synergy is the magic force that allows for enhanced cost efficiencies of the new business. Synergy takes the form of revenue enhancement and cost savings. By merging, the companies hope to benefit from the following:
Staff reductions - As every employee knows, mergers tend to mean job losses. Consider all the money saved from reducing the number of staff members from accounting, marketing and other departments. Job cuts will also include the former CEO, who typically leaves with a compensation package.
Economies of scale - A larger company placing larger orders can buy at an increasingly discounted rate, and save more on costs.
Acquiring new technology - To stay competitive, companies need to stay on top of technological developments and their business applications. By buying a smaller company with unique technologies, a large company can maintain or develop a competitive edge.
Improved market reach and industry visibility - Companies buy companies to reach new markets and grow revenues and earnings. A merge may expand two companies' marketing and distribution, giving them new sales opportunities. A merger can also improve a company's standing in the investment community: bigger firms often have an easier time raising capital than smaller ones.
Varieties of Mergers
From the perspective of business structures, there is a whole host of different mergers. Here are a few types, distinguished by the relationship between the two companies that are merging:
Horizontal merger - Two companies that are in direct competition and share the same product lines and markets.
Vertical merger - A customer and company or a supplier and company.
Market-extension merger - Two companies that sell the same products in different markets.
Product-extension merger - Two companies selling different but related products in the same market.
Conglomeration - Two companies that have no common business areas.
There are two types of mergers that are distinguished by how the merger is financed. Each has certain implications for the companies involved and for investors:
Purchase Mergers - As the name suggests, this kind of merger occurs when one company purchases another. The purchase is made with cash or through the issue of some kind of debt instrument; the sale is taxable.
Consolidation Mergers - With this merger, a brand new company is formed and both companies are bought and combined under the new entity. The tax terms are the same as those of a purchase merger.
Acquiring companies often prefer purchase mergers because this can provide them with a tax benefit. Acquired assets can be written-up to the actual purchase price, and the difference between the book value and the purchase price of the assets can depreciate annually, reducing taxes payable by the acquiring company.
Should you require legal help or legal representation regarding any aspect of mergers and acquisitions law, then please complete your free legal enquiry form to be put in contact with a mergers and acquisitions lawyer.
Overview of mergers law
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